ABSTRACT
Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is a gut-derived hormone released after a meal, which alleviates hyperglycemia, increases beta-cell survival, reduces body weight, and reduces inflammation. These thrilling effects motivated clinical studies to discover the potential use of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) in the management of T2D. GLP-1 RAs are potential anti-diabetic agents that can reduce blood pressure, glucose levels, HbA1c and, weight loss without hypoglycemia risk. This manuscript reviews the importance of GLP-1 RAs and their role in the management of T2D with or without COVID-19 infection. Hence, this manuscript can help physicians and researchers to choose the most appropriate drugs for the individualized treatment of subjects. Copyright © 2022 Mirzaei et al.
ABSTRACT
The outbreak of coronavirus worldwide has created many problems for companies. Companies are looking for a suitable solution to overcome this crisis. One of the measures that can reduce the negative effects of this crisis is the expansion of corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective role of the performance of CSR activities from stock returns and its effect on shareholder attention during coronary heart disease. This study is an event study that is considered for a period of six months from the beginning of the outbreak of coronavirus in Iran (February 2020) to the end of August 2020. The data analysis was performed using Eviews software and information of 33 sample member companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange, in three industries: pharmaceutical, food, and transportation, by least squares regression (OLS) method. The results show that the performance of CSR activities related to community indicators, employee relations, and human rights in the event periods have a positive role on the corporate stock returns and other activities do not play an effective role. The results also show that the performance of CSR has a positive and significant effect on the attention of shareholders. Using the obtained results, it can be concluded that corporations can attract stakeholders and protect the value of the companies by increasing the performance of CSR activities, especially in the community, employee relations, and human rights during the coronavirus pandemic disease period.
ABSTRACT
It is important to diagnose coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the clinical symptoms, although they are not specific. Clinical symptoms of COVID-19 in pediatrics are less severe and milder than in adults, which can be threatening to the health staff. In this case study, we report a 23-year old female pediatric nurse who developed COVID-19 with the rare symptom of gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB). The case of interest was affected by two children who had a positive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The patient had no respiratory symptoms. Despite the use of an N95 mask and face shield, the nurse was infected because the gastrointestinal symptoms were predominant. Medical staff should pay attention to silent symptoms in pediatrics. Neglecting the use of personal protective equipment in dealing with pediatric patients can be hazardous. © 2021 Journal of Cellular and Molecular Anesthesia. All rights reserved.